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Hőgyes, Endre

 

(B. 30th November, 1847, Hajdúszoboszló – D. 8th September 1906, Budapest)

Dean: 1894/95 – 1895/96

After attending secondary school in Hajdúszoboszló and Debrecen, Hőgyes enrolled at the Pest Faculty of Medicine 1865 where he received his medical degree on 6th December, 1870 and was awarded the title of surgeon July, 18th, 1871. He worked as an assistant practitioner in Szent Rókus Hospital for several months from December, 1870. He returned to the university on 1st May, 1870 where he became assistant lecturer to Kálmán Balogh at the Department of Theoretical Medicine. When the department was closed in 1872, professor Balogh took over the Pharmaceutical Department and Hőgyes followed his tutor, working with him until 31st March, 1875. In the meantime he received his degree in surgery in July, 1871 and habilitated as a privatdocent of experimental pathology on 5th February, 1874.

He was invited to the Pharmaceutical Department of the Ferenc József University in Kolozsvár in the academic year 1874/75. He was appointed professor ordinarius by the sovereign on 8th March, 1875. In addition to his subject, he taught pharmacognosy, pharmacy and pharmaceutical legislation, and experimental pathology as an extraordinary subject. He was elected dean in Kolozsvár for two academic years (1875/76, 1882/83) and served as a vice-dean for three academic years. The Faculty of Medicine in Budapest invited him to the Department of General Pathology and Pharmacy in 1882/83. He was appointed on January, 17th, 1883 and started his career at the faculty from the academic year 1883/84.

He worked as notary of the faculty for four academic years (1887-1892), then he was elected dean for two academic years (1894-1896). He went on several study trips mostly to England and Germany from 1876. Hőgyes was the first to describe the reflex arch of the equilibrium sensation and its reaction to rotation and electric stimulation in his three-volume work in 1881-1885. He was commissioned by the Minister of Religion and Public Education to repeat the experiment of Pasteur in 1887, then to establish the Pasteur Institute in Budapest within the Faculty of Medicine (15th April, 1890). As one of the Hungarian founders of experimental pathology, Hőgyes performed toxicological and bacteriological studies.

During his career, he proved to be a researcher of versatile interests: he did research on the blood circulation of cortical and medullar substances of the kidney, the reflex arch of the equilibrium sensation, the effect of alkaloids, the role of nephron glomerulars and the curved channels in urine secretion. His bacteriological studies included colera pathogens (1873), anthrax (1882) and rabies (1886). Major results of his career were the introduction of the Pasteur vaccination against rabies and the improvement of the vaccine. On the occasion of the millennium he was commissioned to write two major books.

He was requested by the faculty to compile a memorial album on the history and contemporary state of the Faculty of Medicine, as well as to write a chapter on Medical Training as part of a major work on Hungarian higher education at the request of the Minister of Religion and Public Education.. He was a corresponding member of the Academy from 1881 and a regular member from 1889. His work on rabies was awarded with 200 golds of the Marczibányi-prize by the Academy the same year. He was an extraordinary member of the National Public Health Board from 1889, then a regular member from 1891. He performed a wide range of social activities in the field of science. He was founder of the Kolozsvár Society of Medicine and Natural Sciences (1876), board member, then vice-president of the Royal Natural Science Society and editor of the Hungarian Medical Journal from 1888. He was second secretary, then from 1893 president of the Medical Publishing Society, etc.

(Major works: On the condition of the blood circulation of the kidney. Bp., 1873; Nervous mechanisms of the associated eye movements I-III., Bp., 1880-1885; Report on the present state of my studies on rabies. Hungarian Med. Journal. 1886; Le virus rabique des chiens des rues dans ses passages de lapin á lapin. Ann. de l’Inst. Pasteur, Paris, 1888; Die experiementelle Basis der antirabischen Schutzimpfungen Pasteur’s. Stuttgart, 1889; On the treatment of rabies. Bp., 1889; Memorial album on the past and present of the Medical Faculty of the Royal Hungarian University of Sciences of Budapest. Bp., 1896.)